Ultra-Broadband Optical Transmission using Bi/Er Codoped Glass Fiber: Key Design Issue and a Survey

Future generation optical networks are expected to provide ultra broadband optical communication to continuously growing fiber transmission requirements. In this context, Bismuth and Erbium (Bi/Er) codoped glass fibers symbolize an important aspect as it has offered a promising active laser medium for ultra-bandwidth communication. Many studies have been demonstrated that Bi/Er codoped glass optical fiber showing ultrabroadband luminescence between 1000 and 1570 nm wavelength which typically covering O, E, S, C and L bands of optical window. But, the fluorescence profiles are highly dependent on pump wavelength. This paper provides a survey of the current researches on Bi/Er codoped glass fiber and draws their link to earlier literature on Bi-doped fiber and Er-doped fiber. Also, it present an overview on the key issues that arises during the design of a Bi/Er codoped fiber. Finally, it is intended for a wide range of readers as it covers the topics from basics to advanced aspects.